• The government created agencies for cybersecurity, data and AI, and digital transformation.
• The reform aims to build a unified digital system and strengthen governance efficiency.
• Implementation faces hurdles amid conflict, weak infrastructure, and limited resources.

Sudanese Prime Minister Kamil Idris signed a decree on November 5, 2025, establishing three national agencies under the Ministry of Digital Transformation and Communications: the Digital Transformation Authority, the Sudanese Data and Artificial Intelligence Authority, and the Sudanese Cybersecurity Authority.

The decision is part of broader reforms to modernize state institutions and enhance public sector efficiency. The government aims to lay the groundwork for a unified digital system supported by national policies to improve transparency, administrative governance, and digital sovereignty. The goal is to create an institutional framework to regulate public digital services, data management, and cybersecurity.

The initiative, however, unfolds amid political tensions, ongoing conflict, and limited financial resources. Sudan continues to face a lack of reliable infrastructure and skilled professionals—both critical to implementing a large-scale digital transformation. The creation of the new authorities also raises questions about institutional coordination and administrative continuity in a fragile state.

In 2024, Sudan scored 0.2759 out of 1 on the United Nations E-Government Development Index (EGDI), below the African average of 0.4247. In cybersecurity, the country ranked Tier 4 with a score of 48.17 out of 100, while on the AI Readiness Index by Oxford Insights, it scored 24.63 out of 100—compared to a sub-Saharan Africa average of 32.70.

By establishing these institutions, the Sudanese government seeks to secure its systems, protect public data, and prepare for more efficient e-government services. The challenge will be achieving these ambitions in a highly unstable environment.