• UNESCO defines higher education as all forms of post-secondary education, including academic, professional, technical, and artistic fields.

• The institution distinguishes between “higher education” and “technical and vocational education and training (TVET)” in human rights instruments.

• UNESCO emphasizes that higher education equips individuals with advanced skills to enhance employability and contribute to national economies.

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) defines higher education as all forms of post-secondary education. This includes academic, professional, technical, artistic, and pedagogical programs offered by universities, technological institutes, teacher training schools, and other specialized institutions.

These programs aim to award degrees, diplomas, or certificates recognized nationally or internationally. UNESCO says such qualifications are designed to develop advanced competencies and increase students’ employability.

The UN body notes that the term “tertiary education” is sometimes used to refer to all post-secondary training, encompassing both higher education and technical and vocational education and training (TVET). However, UNESCO stresses that in international human rights frameworks, it remains preferable to distinguish between higher education and TVET. This distinction clarifies the nature of qualifications and the level of skills targeted.

UNESCO underlines that understanding higher education means recognizing the diversity of available programs, their goals, and career prospects. In a rapidly changing world where technical mastery is critical to employment, this knowledge has become a strategic tool. It helps young people make informed educational choices and equips them to contribute effectively to their countries’ economic development.

This article was initially published in French by Félicien Houindo Lokossou

Adapted in English by Ange Jason Quenum